椰殼活性炭在鋅氧電池上起到的作用是什么

  目前，燃煤(mei)仍(reng)是(shi)上重要的(de)能源，但是(shi)隨著社會的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，科技改革，天然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)成為了(le)(le)煤(mei)染料的(de)競爭者，走進了(le)(le)千家萬戶，現(xian)在(zai)在(zai)我國，天然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)使用占(zhan)據了(le)(le)主導地位。天然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)比煤(mei)染料更具(ju)環保標準，且(qie)使用方便(bian)。但缺(que)點(dian)就是(shi)不可再生。

    經(jing)科學(xue)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷探(tan)索(suo)，不(bu)斷研(yan)究，試圖找出(chu)能夠真正解決環(huan)(huan)境問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可再生能源。近日，美國(guo)一(yi)(yi)家公司聲稱他們(men)已經(jing)開發出(chu)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)更(geng)(geng)加綠色環(huan)(huan)保(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋅(xin)(xin)空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。鋅(xin)(xin)空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，又稱鋅(xin)(xin)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，用(yong)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭吸附空氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)或純氧(yang)(yang)(yang)作為正極(ji)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)物質，（鉑－鉬合(he)金的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)(zhong)配方用(yong)作陽極(ji)催(cui)化(hua)劑(ji)。這些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)催(cui)化(hua)劑(ji)用(yong)作用(yong)于燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)體(ti)擴散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)分，所(suo)(suo)述的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)180℃以下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)下操作，或在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)或其(qi)他鉑抑制性(xing)(xing)物質存在(zai)(zai)(zai)下使(shi)氫氣(qi)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)場合(he)中(zhong)(zhong)操作。新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配方通(tong)過在(zai)(zai)(zai)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭載(zai)體(ti)上形(xing)成(cheng)高度(du)分散的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、至(zhi)多約300埃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顆(ke)粒而得(de)到意想不(bu)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)。所(suo)(suo)希望的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)通(tong)過在(zai)(zai)(zai)制備過程中(zhong)(zhong)仔細控制鉑／鉬比以及審慎選擇(ze)合(he)金在(zai)(zai)(zai)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭載(zai)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)適(shi)載(zai)量來達到）以鋅(xin)(xin)為負極(ji)，以氯化(hua)銨或苛性(xing)(xing)堿溶液為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)原電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。與(yu)傳統電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)相比，鋅(xin)(xin)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不(bu)易爆炸，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量也(ye)更(geng)(geng)大。可實現1200次充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循環(huan)(huan)，壽命長達30年(nian)，能極(ji)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提高太陽能與(yu)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)能，但(dan)成(cheng)本(ben)僅為天(tian)然氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)半。

    這個(ge)(ge)工(gong)藝(yi)其中重要的(de)環節是(shi)活(huo)(huo)性炭載體的(de)質量問(wen)題(ti)，質量優質的(de)活(huo)(huo)性炭所吸附的(de)活(huo)(huo)性物質更(geng)多且無雜質，容易提(ti)取。椰殼活(huo)(huo)性炭的(de)吸附性能能更(geng)大的(de)滿足(zu)這個(ge)(ge)嚴格(ge)的(de)標準。